There are generally 3 types of windows:
<table>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>
 a. Casement Window:
 Window that opens on hinges, pivots, or friction stays. It can be made from aluminium, mild steel or wood.
 </td>
 <td>
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/casement-window-1.jpg" alt="casement window 1" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/maintenance-guide-windows-mild-steel-casement-windows.jpg" alt="maintenance guide windows mild steel casement windows" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/maintenance-guide-windows-timber-windows-2.jpg" alt="maintenance guide windows timber windows 2" />
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>
 b. Sliding Window:
 A window that slides horizontally along the bottom member of an aluminium frame.
 </td>
 <td><img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/slidingwindow.jpg" alt="Sliding_window" /></td>
 </tr>
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 <td>
 c. Louvred Window:
 A window with glass panes which can be opened using a lever at the pivot joint. These could be adjustable or fixed.
 </td>
 <td><img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/louvred-window-2.jpg" alt="louvred window 2" /></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
All window checks, repairs, retrofitting, installations, and replacements must comply with the objectives and performance requirements set out in <a rel="noopener noreferrer" id="link_bcawindowsafety" href="https://www1.bca.gov.sg/safety-and-standards/periodic-building-inspections/windows-safety/" target="_blank">BCA's Building Control Regulations</a>. Watch this&nbsp;<a id="link_youtubewindowlegislation" href="https://youtu.be/5zc8Ek6iwAo?si=r82rca1f7zxJikJl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">video on window legislation</a>&nbsp;to learn more.
You will need to retrofit your casement windows if they do not comply with <a id="link_retrofittingreq" href="https://www1.bca.gov.sg/safety-and-standards/periodic-building-inspections/windows-safety/#d814cdc34a837a83b052c34bc924f0c4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">retrofitting requirements</a>. Penalties may be imposed for non-compliance and/ or falling windows.
If you fail to retrofit your windows with stainless steel rivets, you may face a fine not exceeding $5,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months, or both.
 
 
Exemptions
Windows in flats on the lowest level are exempted from BCA's Building Control Regulations, as there is no danger of objects falling from height.

Window types and installation requirements

Ensure your windows are working smoothly and safe for everyone by following three steps: <a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www1.bca.gov.sg/safety-and-standards/periodic-building-inspections/windows-safety/" target="_blank">check, clean, and change</a>.
&nbsp;
Watch this video to learn more about maintenance checks:
 
<div><iframe sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" allowfullscreen="0" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-JTtJWv2KWc?si=xVQCtCwREwPD69xZ"></iframe></div>
 
Check out the common problems and solutions for each window type:


<table>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>
 Casement window
 <ul>
 <li><a href="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/revamp-casement-common-R1.pdf" target="_blank">Common problems and solutions</a></li>
 <li>[For contractor's use] <a href="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/casement.pdf" target="_blank">Technical drawings on safety requirements</a></li>
 </ul>
 </td>
 <td>
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/casement-window-1.jpg?h=174&amp;w=230&amp;hash=CA35FC9FC9650E08817C775A8FA4CF8B" style="height:174px; width:230px;" alt="casement window 1" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/casement-window-2.jpg?h=174&amp;w=230&amp;hash=214B5637FCBEAD5C4E204BE203BC7107" alt="casement window 2" style="height: 174px; width: 230px;" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/maintenance-guide-windows-timber-windows-2.jpg?h=160&amp;w=230&amp;hash=1CD9ADD544BDDCFB2E9BAFA1ADDE9412" alt="maintenance guide windows timber windows 2" style="width: 230px; height: 160px;" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/maintenance-guide-windows-timber-windows-1.jpg?h=149&amp;w=230&amp;hash=993137318214266BE04ADE74F6FD4385" alt="maintenance guide windows timber windows 1" style="width: 230px; height: 149px;" />
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>
 Sliding window
 <ul>
 <li><a href="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/revamp-sliding-common-R2.pdf" target="_blank">Common problems and solutions</a></li>
 <li>[For contractor's use] <a href="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/existing-sliding.pdf" target="_blank">Technical drawings on safety requirements</a></li>
 </ul>
 </td>
 <td>
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/sliding-window-1.jpg" style="height:100px; width:230px;" alt="sliding window 1" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/sliding-window-2.jpg" style="height:100px; width:230px;" alt="sliding window 2" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/slidingwindow.jpg?h=173&amp;w=166&amp;hash=ABD68013F8E713B21C76FC48B586A7F2" style="height:173px; width:166px;" alt="Sliding_window" />
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>
 Louvred window
 
 
 <ul>
 <li><a href="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/revamp-louvred-common-R1.pdf" target="_blank">Common problems and solutions</a></li>
 <li>[For contractor's use] <a href="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/Repair-for-louvred-window-illustration_Rev-202303_01.pdf" target="_blank">Technical drawings on safety requirements</a></li>
 </ul>
 
 </td>
 <td>
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/louvred-window-1.jpg" style="height:150px; width:230px;" alt="louvred window 1" />
 <img src="/-/media/managing-my-home/renovation-and-maintenance/home-maintenance/home-care-guide/windows/louvred-window-2.jpg" style="height:150px; width:230px;" alt="louvred window 2" />
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

What to look out for when checking your windows

Follow these steps when appointing a BCA-approved window contractor listed with HDB:
<table>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>1</td>
 <td>Appoint a <a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://services2.hdb.gov.sg/webapp/BN31AWERRCMobile/BN31PListingContractor.jsp" target="_blank">BCA-approved window contractor listed with HDB</a>. Alternatively, visit your nearest <a href="/about-us/contact-us">HDB Branch</a> to enquire about contractors you can engage.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>2</td>
 <td>Ensure your window contractor submits the window permit application to HDB for the window works in your flat. You can log in to <a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.hdb.gov.sg/myhdb-page " target="_blank">MyHDB Page</a> to check the application status.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>3</td>
 <td>
 Check that your window is properly installed/ repaired. If you discover any loose/ missing parts, contact your contractor immediately for rectification.
 Please note that your window contractor is responsible for the proper installation/ repair of the window(s). If your contractor refuses to rectify the works, please inform the BCA so that appropriate action can be taken.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>4</td>
 <td>
 Within 14 days upon completion of works, your appointed window contractor will need to submit the relevant&nbsp;<a id="BCAwindowreport" href="https://www1.bca.gov.sg/safety-and-standards/periodic-building-inspections/windows-safety/#d814cdc34a837a83b052c34bc924f0c4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">window report(s)</a> to the BCA.
 The window report(s) form part of the retrofitting process and requirements. Contractors should provide you the report(s) at no extra charge.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>5</td>
 <td>You are advised to keep a copy of the window report(s) for your own record.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
Engaging a window contractor is a private arrangement between you and the contractor. To avoid problems or complaints related to overcharging or unnecessary work being carried out, you may wish to take note of the following before proceeding with any repairs/ maintenance:
<ul>
 <li>Consult your contractor on:
 <ul>
 <li>The type and extent of work necessary</li>
 <li>All chargeable costs</li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 <li>Compare quotes from more than one contractor and negotiate costs</li>
 <li>Study the terms and conditions of engagement</li>
</ul>

Keeping Windows of HDB Flats in Good Condition